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Technology comparisons

Side-by-side comparisons of competing technologies, with tables, worked examples and clear guidance on when to choose each.

Selection guidesTechnology explainedTechnology comparisons

Slip rings

  • Capsule vs through-bore vs pancake slip ringsPick a capsule slip ring when nothing has to pass through the centre and space is tight; a through-bore ring when a shaft, cable or fluid line must run through the axis; and a pancake (platter) ring when the axial height is very limited but there is room radially.
  • Contact vs contactless slip ringsChoose a contact slip ring for power, mixed circuits and moderate data at the lowest cost; it is the only practical way to pass kilowatts.

Linear actuators

  • Ball screw vs roller screwA ball screw is the cheaper, slightly more efficient choice for moderate loads and smooth motion.
  • Rodless actuators: belt drive vs ball screwChoose a belt-driven rodless actuator for long strokes and high speed (Tolomatic quotes up to about 5 m/s and strokes beyond 5 m), and a ball screw for thrust, stiffness and accuracy on strokes up to about 1–3 m and speeds up to about 1.5 m/s; then size the guidance for the cantilevered payload's moments, not just its weight.

Servo and stepper motors

  • Brushed vs brushless motorsChoose a brushed DC motor when running hours are modest (maxon puts typical brush life at 1,000 to 3,000 hours), the electronics must be minimal and cost per unit matters.
  • Servo vs stepper motorsChoose a stepper for low-to-moderate speeds (roughly under 1,000 rpm), modest inertia and simple point-to-point moves where cost matters; a closed-loop stepper removes the risk of silently lost steps.

Frameless and torque motors

  • Frameless vs housed motorsUse a frameless rotor and stator kit when the motor can become part of your machine's structure, sharing its bearings and housing, and you need the shortest, lightest and stiffest axis with a hollow centre.

Gearboxes and harmonic drives

  • Planetary vs worm vs bevel gearboxesUse a planetary gearbox for inline servo axes needing high efficiency, low backlash and high torque density; a worm gearbox for low-cost, quiet right-angle drives at modest duty where low efficiency is acceptable; and a spiral bevel or hypoid stage, usually combined with planetary stages, for right-angle servo axes that need planetary-class efficiency and precision.
  • Strain-wave vs planetary vs cycloidal gearboxesChoose a strain-wave (harmonic) gear for compact, zero-backlash joints needing 30:1 to 160:1 in one stage; a precision planetary for ratios below about 30:1, high efficiency and lower cost; and a cycloidal reducer when the axis needs high torque, high stiffness and the best tolerance of shock and tilting loads.

Encoders and feedback

Controllers and PLCs

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Explore selection questions, replacement routes and complete motion packages. Keep the application requirements alongside the product specifications.

48V EtherCAT servo drive selection

A nominal 48V supply and an EtherCAT label define only part of the enquiry. Establish voltage extremes, power flow, control modes and exact motor compatibility.

Motors and drives for AGV and AMR traction

A traction selection needs wheel torque and speed across the vehicle duty. Battery limits, regeneration, gearing, holding and steering arrangements also matter.

Compact low-backlash gearbox selection

Small size and low backlash are useful only if torque, stiffness, life and installation requirements are also satisfied. Evaluate the complete motor-gearbox-load assembly.

Complete servo motor, drive and gearbox packages

Choose the axis from the load backwards. A matched package is a defined combination of components and interfaces, with the scope of supply agreed before purchase.

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